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Carole Penny Marshall〔Born Carole Penny Marshall in 1943, as per ''My Mother Was Nuts, a Memoir'', p. 10; ISBN 978-0-547-89262-7. Copyright 2012〕 (born October 15, 1943)〔 is an American actress, director, and producer. After playing several small roles for television, she was cast as Laverne DeFazio on the sitcom ''Laverne & Shirley'', which ran from 1977 until 1983, during which Marshall was nominated for a Golden Globe award for her performance three times.〔(''Laverne and Shirley'' (TV series) awards at IMDb )〕 She progressed to directing films such as ''Big'' (1988), the first film directed by a woman to gross in excess of $100 million at the U.S. box office; ''Awakenings'' (1990), which was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Picture; and ''A League of Their Own'' (1992). She produced ''Cinderella Man'' (2005) and ''Bewitched'' (2005), as well as episodes of ''According to Jim'' (2009). She recently directed two episodes of the Showtime series ''United States of Tara''. ==Early life== Carole Penny Marshall was born in New York City, New York, in 1943, to Marjorie Irene (née Ward) (1908-1983), a tap dance teacher who ran the Marjorie Marshall Dance School, and Anthony "Tony" Masciarelli (1906-1999), later Marshall, a director of industrial films and later a producer.〔(Comedy On Tap – Garry Marshall Interview )〕 She is the sister of actor/director/TV producer Garry Marshall and Ronny Hallin, a television producer. Her birth name, Carole, was selected because her mother's favorite actress was Carole Lombard. Her middle name was selected because her older sister, Ronny, wanting a horse in the Bronx, was saving her pennies; her mother chose the middle name in an attempt to console her. Her father was of Italian descent, his family having come from Abruzzo, and her mother was of English and Scottish descent;〔(''An Interview with the Cast of Keeping up with the Steins'' ) 〕〔(Ancestry of Penny Marshall at Genealogy.com ) 〕 her father changed his last name from Masciarelli to Marshall before Penny was born.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Groucho Reviews: Interview: Garry Marshall—Keeping Up With the Steins—05/05/06 )〕〔"...Anthony "Tony" Masciarelli", a handsome, athletic young man majoring in advertising at New York University ... To better his chances, he changed his last name from Masciarelli to Marshall and forevermore denied that he was both Italian and Catholic". ''My Mother Was Nuts, a Memoir'', p. 4; ISBN 978-0-547-89262-7. Copyright 2012.〕 Religion played no role in the Marshall children's lives. Garry Marshall was christened Episcopalian, Ronny was Lutheran, and Penny was confirmed in a Congregational Church, because "()other sent us anyplace that had a hall where she could put on a recital. If she hadn't needed performance space, we wouldn't have bothered."〔''My Mother Was Nuts, a Memoir'', p. 18.〕 She grew up at 3235 Grand Concourse, the Bronx, a street that also spawned Neil Simon, Paddy Chayefsky, Calvin Klein, and Ralph Lauren.〔Abramowitz, Rachel (2000). ''Is That a Gun in Your Pocket? Women's Experience of Power in Hollywood''. New York: Random House, ISBN 0-679-43754-1, p. 289〕 She began her career as a tap dancer at age three, and later taught tap at her mother's dance school. She graduated from Walton High School and attended the University of New Mexico. In 1967,〔Abramowitz, p. 290〕 she moved to Los Angeles to join her older brother Garry Marshall, a writer whose credits at the time included TV's ''The Dick Van Dyke Show'' (1961–1966). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Penny Marshall」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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